User:Seratof/Sandbox2

Nouns
Nouns in modern Gezian are not differentiated by grammatical gender, as such distinction had been dropped in the 1921 spelling and language reforms. Gezian, however, differentiates between two numbers (singular and plural) and three cases (direct, objective, and vocative). There also exists a growing subset of indeclinable nouns which can not take on grammatical endings to either denote case and number.

The table below displays and showcases the different endings taken by Gezian nouns as they are modified in order to fit grammatical categories.

The next table demonstrates how nouns are declined using the system above, and taken as an example below are magaz "father", tili "land", haja "house", tugo "sky", and gas "child"

Adjectives
Adjectives are divided into declinable and indeclinable adjectives. The direct singular form has maintained its distinct ending, whereas the plural has merged into a single ending. Adjectives that end in -a, -e, or -i are all declinable. Below is the declension table for adjectives:


 * Examples of declinable adjectives include: gēma "big", poli "heavy", turi "tall", zata "small", goze "red", and mīta "good"
 * Examples of indeclinable adjectives include: hārat "expensive", mago "stupid", jalut "fast", kar "mean", tozan "wise", and alam "humble".

Below is the declension of table of gēma "big" in attributive usage.

Below is the attributive use of gēma "big" with nouns

All possessive pronouns are treated as adjectives, and are declinable adjectives. Below is an example for 'aga "mine".

Comparatives take on the -ara suffix and are declined the same way, while superlatives take on -ēne and are also declined the same way as regular attributive adjectives, with the examples gēmara "bigger" and gēmēne "biggest.

Pronouns
Gezian has 3 main forms of the personal pronouns: direct, oblique and genitive (possessive), in which the last case is treated as an adjective when fulfilling the attributive role. There also exists a distinction between the 2nd person informal and formal. There are quite distinct forms of the objective case for pronouns as they have been more preserved than the nominal declensions.

Verbs
Verbs in Gezian are structured on a tense-aspect pair, however, aspects are most commonly denoted through periphrastic construction rather than affixation to the main verb. There exists two sets of conjugated tenses, namely the present and past, with the future form identical to the present forms.

Gezian has two main moods in conjugational aspects: indicative and imperative. The conditional is not treated as its own mood since middle Gezian with the loss of dedicated conditional forms in the present and past. In addition to these two main moods, Gezian also differentiates between three aspects: simple, perfect, and continuous. The infinitive is formed by attaching -ir to the stem of the verb.

Passive constructions in Gezian are formed by attaching a perfect verb in the past tense while switching word order.

Below are the conjugations found in Gezian, comprising of indicative and imperative moods.

Sample verb: azir "to eat"

Nouns
Nouns in Middle Gezian are differentiated into two genders (common and neuter), five cases (nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, vocative), and two numbers (singular and plural). Nouns possess two declension paradigms, one for common nouns and one for neuter nouns, however, are getting more and more similar by the late middle Gezian period, and as such, the 'first' declension would be attributed to the common declension and the 'second declension would be attributed to the neuter declension.

Below is a general paradigm of the declensions found in middle Gezian.

Below are the words magaz "father", and tili "land" to serve as an example for declension between common and neuter.

Adjectives
Adjectives in middle Gezian could, like in modern Gezian, be classfied into declinable and indeclinable adjecitves. Adjectives decline for two genders (common and neuter) and three cases (nom/acc, dat/voc, and genitive), as well as two numbers, although the plural adjectival endings could be seen eroding already in middle Gezian. Indeclinable adjectives where small subsets of borrowed words into the language.

Below is an example with the word genma "big".

Below is an example of attributive usage of the adjective above.

Pronoun
Middle Gezian still retains the nominative/accusative distinction.

EXCHANGE SINGARADSCHA
Singaradschan: 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 Marks