Seratofian verb paradigm

Seratofian verb paradigm is the complete set of grammar rules which modify a verb root to convey grammatical and semantic information that satisfy a variety of both grammatical categories and day-to-day needs. The overall verb paradigm in Seratofian is best described in terms of 'windows' (Seratofian: žéli) as conjugation is seen in term of a combination of tense-aspect-positivity rather than a whole set block which determine the whole conjugation set, rather the windows system is a set of preverbs and endings for that specific combination. In general, a different mood will be the namesake of its own set of windows, with the example of the indicative windows, subjunctive windows, etc..

General characteristics
Verbs in Seratofian have one base infinitive, which can be derived into three more "additional infinitives" (sometimes referred to as 'child infinitives') for a total of four infinitives. Infinitives are divided up into positivity (positive and negative), as well as perfectness (perfect and imperfect). The imperfect-positive infinitive serves as the base infinitive in all Seratofian verbs. Specific tenses do not have their own infinitives and are subject to the four total infinitives found in modern Seratofian. Modern Seratofian distinguishes three major moods (indicative, subjunctive, conditional), one minor mood (imperative), three basic tenses (past, present, future), two major aspects (imperfect and perfect) as well as two minor aspects (simple and continuous), as well as two voices (active and passive). Seratofian, however, does not distinguish its conjugations between transitive, intransitive, stative, or medial verbs. These categories are organized into what is known as a window system as previously mentioned and are categorized into sub-windows of specific moods by either its preverb, first and third person singular present tense endings, or even both.

Rather than set conjugation patterns (like 1st, 2nd, or 3rd conjugations), Seratofian verbs are classified based on their window code (like Ia3-IIe1-IIIa1-IVa2), which are found in almost every dictionary entry for a verb. These can be called as a 'pattern in a pattern', as there are several verbs which conjugate similarly in all three moods. Some linguists even try to classify all the possible conjugations into a big list of conjugations like other Artemian languages but was proven to be very difficult to accomplish as the reference grammars and conjugation lists all referred to the windows system, and separated the preverbs and endings into moods and not conjugations.

Window system
The window system in Seratofian is a term coined by linguists to describe the verbal paradigm found in modern Seratofian, as the entire paradigm does not rely on set conjugations, but rather segments of patterns from each mood which are combined with other set patterns for other moods and passiveness to complete a set of conjugation for the verb. Usually, a window consists of conjugations for all three persons in all the three numbers of Seratofian, as well as the preverb for forming the additional infinitives. Every verb essentially possesses five windows, one for each window category. The conjugations of that verb thus follow the set patterns (or templates) that are within the corresponding assigned window for the entire paradigm, as a window dictates the formation of additional infinitives and the endings for each and every verb that falls within the window. The use of preverbs in the additional infinitives is another strong determiner and use for the windows system.

There are, however, exceptions to the windows system. A few very commonly used like the copula ér "to be" and vér "to want" have their own separate set conjugation patterns, although they sometimes mimic conjugation windows found elsewhere in regular conjugation. These verbs, attributing to their rampant and vigorous use, have maintained their sense of independence from the system, and have become formally codified with the passing of the first modern Seratofian complete grammar books recognizing their irregularity.

Window classifications
Window system classification consists of three parts. The first part consists of a roman numeral, which coincides with the mood and passiveness of the verb. The second part consists of the first person ending of the present tense imperfect mood, and the third part consists of a number which is a differentiator from all the systems which have similar categories as the previous two parts. Below is a list of mood-activeness and their corresponding roman numeral in the traditional window classification notation:

The conditional passive forms have largely eroded and have become supplemented using periphrastic construction with the conditional verb in the indicative passive form followed by the verb in the subjunctive passive. This construction, however, is rarer in modern speech, with conditional passives being dropped in favor of more active constructions in the conditional, even in formal registers. However, conditional passives were still prescribed as its separate own window system by the late 19th century, as Seratofian grammarians tried to maintain the language to its original roots, even if the conditional passive has been eroding since the mid of 18th century as evident in numerous writings and works.

The imperative may be treated as a sixth window, but the trend of associating a certain window system with a window system of the imperative windows has led to the merging of the imperative windows with the indicative active ones, treating them as an extension of the indicative-active window system. It is entirely possible to describe and list their endings in its entirety its own separate paradigm, but the practice was stopped in the 1931 spelling and grammar reforms done by the Seratofian Language Academy to simplify classifications of the Seratofian verb paradigm. The imperative itself is already collapsing into a single window in colloquial speech as fixed affixes are attached to the end of such verbs to form imperative constructions suitable for different grammatical categories but are kept in formal speech.