Kodeshia

Kodeshia (//; '; : 山河间; Shānhé Jiān), officially the Great Empire of Kodeshia' (: 大山河间帝國;Dà Shānhé Jiān Dìguó''), is a sovereign state in Kesh, constituting the home to diverse wildlife, a variety of ecological systems, located on Anterra. Kodeshia is bordered to the north by Asharistan, Alvakalia, Beifang, to the southwest Qingcheng and to the east by Selengeria. Other neighbouring countries include Akiteiwa and Shimakawa, The country is divided into 22 provinces. It has a population of over 500 million inhabitants. Kodeshia's capital city is Songhari, while its most populous city is Chenghai. Kodeshia developed a distinctive biodiversity of animal, fungal, plant life and local culture.

Kodeshia is considered a, with its known history beginning with some of the world's earliest ancient civilisations in the fertile basin of the Changnan River (长南河) in the Southern Plains. For millennia, Kodeshia's political system was based on hereditary monarchies, known as dynasties, beginning with the semi-mythological Ying'guo dynasty (c. 2800 BCE). Since 221 BCE, when the Dajiang state first conquered several smaller states to form a Kodesnese empire, the country has which it has seen cycles of expansion, prosperity along with periods of decline and fracture. The Imperial State of Kodeshia was constitutional monarchy was defeated in a brutal civil war following the end of the Grand Campaigns in which the republican rebels overthrew the last dynasty and established the State of Kodeshia led by war hero Guo Guotai.

Following his death in 1964 the Guoist regime was thrown into chaos as no direct successor was named and a power struggle broke out and led to the restoration of the Emperor to the position of Emperor of Kodeshia and announcement of the Imperial Republic of Kodeshia in Songhari on 1964. He took the position of head of state in accordance with the Guoist law but led to the return of the Constitutions from the 1926 but it was amended to give the Emperor near-absolute power modelled along the lines of Beifang's monarchy which backed the restoration along with Alvakalia, who backed the democrats more than the royalists. However to win the support of the democratic factions within the government the parliament was maintained and a pathway to a more democratic constitutional monarchy was promised yet no timeline was given. The stability of this new system was shaken in later year by a coup d'état led by the Military Generals against the democratic parties in the government. Kodeshia's political system combines elements of a  and an, with the ultimate authority vested in an Emperor. The Kodeshia government is widely considered to be, with significant constraints and abuses against and civil liberties.

Kodeshia's history has since has been characterised by periods of rapid economic change and political instability. The country continues to face challenging problems, including pollution, natural disasters, sectarian violence, poverty, illiteracy, and corruption. Despite these factors, Kodeshia has achieved significant progress in social and economic development as a result of rapid economic growth and industrialisation and improving health and food production services reducing poverty rates substantially. Geographically, its diversity of landscapes, ranging from tropical rainforests to desert mountain steppes and temperate climate zones. The country is a member of several multilateral organisations, including the Unaligned Nations Consortium, and a founding member of the Kesh-Tethys Economic Cooperation.

Etymology
The English word "Kodeshia" is first attested in 15th-century translation of a journal of the Artemian explorers. The demonym, that is, the name for the people, and adjectival form "Kodeshi" or occasionally "Kodeshian" developed later. Some scholars have suggested that the word Kodeshia is derived from the name of the old imperial empires a proposal that has found widespread support, although there are also a number of alternative suggestions. The official name of the modern state is the "Imperial Republic of Kodeshia" (: 山河间陆帝國共和國; Shānhéjiān guó Gònghéguó). The shorter form is "Kodeshia" Shānhéjiān (山河间) literally means "Between mountains and rivers". But it is also known as Kòudàlù (竘大陆), from Kòu ("governance"), dà ("big") and lù ("land"). This usage came about after the end of Imperial rule and differs from the common English word Kodeshia which is derived from the old Imperial name, Kòudìzhōu (竘帝州), from Kòu ("governance"), Dì ("emperor") and zhōu ("state"). The alternative Jiāngguó (江國) literally means river state, which alludes to the foundation myths of the first ancient semi-mythological Ying'guo dynasty.

Early dynastic rule
Ying'guo dynasty (2800 BCE - 1000 BCE) Guo dynasty (1000 BCE - 842 BCE) Xian dynasty (842 BCE - 256 BCE) Zu dynasty (256 BCE - 420 CE)

Imperial Kodeshia
Tuan dynasty (CE 420 - 446) Three Dynasties Era (CE 420 - 503) Bei dynasty (CE 420 - 448) Yang dynasty (CE 448 - 476) Nan dynasty (CE 476 - 503) Jie dynasty (CE 503 - 712)

Five Kingdoms Era (CE 712 - 786) Jiao dynasty (CE 712 - 744) Wu dynasty (CE 714 - 753) Shi dynasty (CE 719 - 786) Shang dynasty (CE 721 - 784) Jiang dynasty (CE 734 - 774)

Xie dynasty (CE 786 - 873) Min dynasty (CE 790 - 889) Ling dynasty (CE 889 - 1023) Chou dynasty (CE 1023 - 1237) Zhou dynasty (CE 1237 - 1531)

Late imperial
Liang Dynasty (CE 1531 - 1927)

Kodeshi State (1930-1964)
The Guoist regime, officially known as the Kodeshi State is the period of Kodeshi history when Guo Guotai (郭國泰) ruled Kodeshia as dictator with the title Grand Marshal. (大元帅) Having restored economic prosperity and ended mass unemployment using heavy spending on the military, while suppressing labor unions and strikes.

The return of prosperity and decree which merged all parties supporting the rebel side, led to a Nationalist Kodeshia becoming a single-party regime under the Guoist Party which saw enormous popularity, with only minor, isolated and subsequently unsuccessful cases of resistance among the Kodeshi population over its years of rule.

The regime undertook a period of massive industrialization and internal struggles between 1930 and 1940 as Guo Guotai established near total control over Kodeshi society, wielding virtually unrestrained power. Guo was ready to put a radical programme of industrialisation into action.

The Kodeshi State viewed the accession of fervently anti-Kodeshi Khiyat Süüdriin's Ündserkheg to power in Guurdalai with great alarm from the onset, especially since Süüdriin proclaimed the areas of North Eastern Beishan and Anbei oil fields as one of the major objectives in his vision of the nation citing the 1928 Convention of Jiankang.

Guurdalai launched a full-scale invasion Kodeshia on 30 October 1949. The primary targets of this surprise offensive were the central oil fields of the plains, Malipo and Zhuji, with the ultimate goal of ending the 1949 campaign near the Dazhong-Guangshen line, from the Tethys Sea to the Great Kesh Dividing range connecting into central Alvakalia. Suudriin's objectives were to eliminate Kodeshia as a military power, exterminate its native people, and restore the lost territories from the Grand Campaigns and guarantee access to the strategic oil resources needed to defeat Guurdalai's remaining rivals. The war took a heavy death toll on the Kodeshi but forced Guurdalai and its allies to sign an Armistice, after Tiperyn dropped an atomic bomb over Wujin, killing over 100,000 people. This was the first nuclear attack in history.

The war left Kodeshia devastated, with the total death toll standing at between around 38-40 million Kodeshi deaths (estimates vary) making it perhaps the deadliest conflict of the era and had devastated the Kodeshi economy in the struggle. In addition, thousands of major cities, towns and settlements were destroyed by the war. Liberated occupied territories suffered from the ravages of Ündserkheg occupation and deportations of slave labor by Guurdalai. The perceived failures of the government led to backlash and decline in popularity of Guo Guotai and maybe royalist and democratic partisans who had supported the war efforts now erupted into mass demonstrations, leading to a violent government crackdown. This ultimately led to the a 1964 coup in which he and Guo was poisoned by royalist factions supported by Beifang.

Empire of Kodeshia (since 1964)
In 1964, The new Emperor Xuanyi was restored as Emperor of Kodeshia, with full support from Beifang where his father Emperor Qinghuiguo had fled to during the civil war. It was hoped that the restoration of the imperial system would give stability and open a pathway towards democracy. But several resistance movements that ranged from guoist loyalist to communist ideologies. These militant resistance groups used the favourable Kodeshi landscape for guerrilla operations as Imperial forces and their allies were in control only of the main cities, towns and connecting roads, leaving the mountainous countryside and dense rain forests to the resistance. The Yindong Crises further hurt the countries ability to recover from the devastating Kesh war and growing insurgency. But the renewed celebration and joy of the Imperial restoration did much to improve the public mood which following the nuclear bombing and loss of territory during the Great Kesh war. The stability established following the restoration was shaken on 5 July 1968 by the assassination of Emperor Xuanyi just four years into his reign by rebel forces.

Mengqi succeeded to the thrones in 1968 following the death of Emperor Xuanyi. In recent years, reconstruction efforts have progressed and after the insurgency was defeated generally considered to be the end of major fighting since 1987. This has led to some political stability through a limited multiparty democracy under a semi-constitutional monarchy. Emperor Mengqi has overseen the rapid rebound and rise of the economy and emergence of regional unity with the foundation of Kesh-Tethys Economic Cooperation regional inter government organisation of which Kodeshia was a founding member and plays a leading role. Despite long standing tensions with Selengeria relations have seen a reduction in clashes that followed the end of the Great Kesh War and beginning of the insurgency.

Government


The political system of the Empire of Kodeshia take place within the framework of the nation's constitution of 1964 Constitution. The government is a constitutional monarchy operated as a parliamentary representative democracy.

There are two major political groups that usually form a government, federally and in the provinces: the United Progressive Front (UPF) and the National Conservative Alliance (NCA). Within Kodeshian political culture, the NCA is considered and the UPF is considered. Independent members and several minor parties have achieved some limited representation in Kodeshi National Representative Assembly. Officially a multiparty democracy, in reality "the country remains a one-party state dominated by the Kodeshi National Conservative Alliance and President Zhao Changfu, since 1995. Kodeshia's government has been described by the some commentators, as a "relatively authoritarian coalition via a superficial democracy". Since crackdowns on political dissent and free press, Kodeshia has been described as a de facto one-party state. But the state vehemently denies and suppresses these claims.

Emperor
The Emperor is responsible for delineation and supervision of the policies of the Empire of Kodeshia. The Kodeshi president has limited power compared to the Emperor. The current longtime Emperor, Mengqi, has been issuing decrees and making the final decisions on the economy, environment, foreign policy, education, national plannings, and everything else in the country. Mengqi also outlines elections guidelines and urges for the transparency, and has fired and reinstated presidential cabinet appointments. Key ministers are selected with the Emperor Mengqi's agreement and he has the ultimate say on Kodeshia's foreign policy. The president-elect is required to gain the Emperor Mengqi's official approval before being sworn in before the National Representative Assembly. Through this process, the Leader agrees to the outcome of the presidential election. The Emperor is directly involved in ministerial appointments for Defence, Intelligence and Foreign Affairs, as well as other top ministries after submission of candidates from the president. Kodeshia's regional policy is directly controlled by the office of the Emperor alongside the Ministry of Foreign Affairs'. The budget bill for every year, as well as withdrawing money from the National Development Fund of Kodeshia, require Emperor's express approval and permission. The Emperor can and does order laws to be amended.

The Emperor is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, controls the military intelligence and security operations, and has sole power to declare war or peace. The heads of the judiciary, the state radio and television networks, the commanders of the police and military forces, and six of the twelve members of the Imperial Council are directly appointed by the Emperor.

The Imperial Council
Presidential candidates and parliamentary candidates must be approved by the Imperial Council (all members of which are directly or indirectly appointed by the Emperor) or the Emperor before running, in order to ensure their allegiance to the Empire. The Emperor very rarely does the vetting himself directly, but has the power to do so, in which case additional approval of the Imperial Council would not be needed. The Emperor can also revert the decisions of the Imperial Council. The Imperial Council can, and has dismissed some elected members of the National Representative Assembly in the past. For example, Zhuan Fen was disqualified by Imperial Council even after winning election, as he had been photographed in a meeting with Selengeria officials.

President
After the Emperor, the Constitution defines the President of Kodeshia as the highest state authority. However, the president is still required to gain the Emperor's official approval before being sworn in before the National Representative Assembly. The of Kodeshia is the President of the Republic, who is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. Although his executive powers are somewhat limited, the president does have veto power over government's legislation. Following elections, the president appoints the leader of the majority party or majority coalition as the Premier of the Cabinet of Kodeshia. As head of government, the premier presides over the cabinet. Zhao Changfu is the current President and Liao Dengjie is the Premier of the Cabinet of Kodeshia.

Legislature
The legislature of Kodeshia, known as the National Representative Assembly, is a unicameral body comprising 330 members elected by for five-year terms, fifteen representatives from each province. It drafts legislation, ratifies international treaties, and approves the national budget. All parliamentary candidates and all legislation from the assembly must be approved by the Imperial Council. Voting is for all enrolled citizens 18 years and over in every jurisdiction as is enrolment.

The Imperial Council comprises twelve jurists, including six appointed by the Emperor. Others are elected by the Parliament, from among the jurists nominated by the Head of the Judiciary. The Council interprets the constitution and may veto the Parliament. If a law is deemed incompatible with the constitution, it is referred back to the Parliament for revision. Local city councils are elected by public vote to five-year terms in all cities, towns and villages of Kodeshia.

Law
The Emperor appoints the head of the country's judiciary, who in turn appoints the head of the Supreme Court and the chief public prosecutor. There are several types of courts, including public courts that deal with civil and criminal cases, and revolutionary courts which deal with certain categories of offences, such as crimes against national security. The decisions of the revolutionary courts are final and cannot be appealed.

Administrative divisions
Kodeshia has several levels of subdivisions. The first level is that of the provinces, Kodeshia is divided into 22 subnational divisions, each with a self-governing body led by an elected leader and a legislative body with elected members. Duties of local governments include social services, education, urban planning, public construction, water management, environmental protection, transport, public safety, and more. The 22 provinces are — Anbei, Xiabei, Zhongbin, Nanbin, Yu'an, Shizhou, Dazhong, Tianlin, Dachuan, Yueshan, Guangshui, Yanhe, Linshan, Xuemai, Changbei, Beihai, Beifu, Guangshen, Guanggu, Haigao, Xibei, and Hongfu.

The second level is that of the special municipalities, counties, and cities. led by regents and mayors respectively and a legislature. The third level is that of the districts, and the fourth is of the villages. Special municipalities and cities are further divided into districts for local administration. Counties are further divided into townships and county-administered cities which have elected mayors and councils, and share duties with the county. Some divisions are indigenous divisions which have different degrees of autonomy to standard ones. In addition, districts, cities and townships are further divided into villages and neighbourhoods.

The village is the lowest level of government administration. It is divided into several community groups which are further divided into neighbourhood groups. The village administration level is the most influential on a citizen's daily life and handles matters of a village or neighbourhood through an elected village chief.

Foreign relations
The foreign relations of Kodeshia are handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs under Dai Jiechi. Kodeshia participates fully in international and regional organisations it is a member of the Unaligned Nations Consortium and an observer of the Pan-Artemian Coalition. Kodeshia has developed increasingly close ties with Alvakalia, Beifang, Akiteiwa, Qingcheng, and Tonkina, whose foreign and economic ministers hold annual meetings.

Kodeshia has established diplomatic relations with numerous countries; the government reports many embassies in the country including many of its neighbours including Alvakalia, Beifang, Akiteiwa, Qingcheng, and Tonkina. As a result of its international relations, various charitable organisations have assisted with social, economic, and civil infrastructure needs.

While the violent ruptures of the 1960s and 1980s have passed, several border disputes between Kodeshia and its neighbours persist. Kodeshia and Selengeria have had difficult relations since ancient times, but also significant cultural exchange, with Selengeria acting as the gateway between Kodeshia and Akiteiwa. Contemporary perceptions of Selengeria are still largely defined by the Great Kesh War, with longstanding animosity following the conflict. Selengeria and Kodeshia are still technically at war (having never signed a peace treaty after the Great Kesh War) and share the world's most heavily fortified border. The war remains the major point of contention between Kodeshia and Selengeria; many border disputes over claimed territories between both sides remain. Most of the territory belongs to Kodeshia, but a combination of Selengeria disrespecting international law, Selengerian troop build up in the area have left the situation unsettled since the end of the Great Kesh War.

Due partly to difficulties in relations with its geopolitical rival Selengeria, Kodeshia maintains close political relations with Modrovia and Beifang, and both countries have been a focal point in Kodeshia's foreign policy. Kodeshia's has close economic and military relations with Modrovia and Beifang; part of the Kodeshia-Beifang-Modrovia security alliance acts as the cornerstone of the nation's foreign policy. Modrovia is a major market for Kodeshi exports and the primary source of Kodeshi imports, and is committed to defending the country, having military bases in Kodeshia for partially that purpose. Kodeshia is a founding member of Kesh-Tethys Economic Cooperation and signatory to the KTEC Visa Exemption Scheme, Unaligned Nations Consortium, and an observer member of Pan-Artemian Coalition. Kodeshia has been a humanitarian and development aid recipient since 1959 and recently, the country has expressed interest in becoming an aid donor.

Territorial disputes
Ever since end of the Grand Campaigns, disputes of control of the exact line of control and demarcation of the border territory between Selengeria and Kodeshia has been a major territorial dispute that has hindered relations between Selengeria and Kodeshia. The two nations fought a large scale conventional war over control of the region. The end of the war saw loss of control over the territory for Kodeshia during the armistice agreement but without a peace treaty in which the conflicts battle lines remain frozen. A state of war technically still exists between both countries with the Kodeshi–Selengerian Demilitarized Zone (KSDZ) with Selengeria remains the most heavily fortified border in the world. Since the 1970s, both nations have held informal diplomatic dialogues in order to ease military tensions. Despite this occasional border clashes and skirmishes remain common.

In addition to Selengeria, Kodeshia is also involved in other international territorial disputes. Including an undefined border with Asharistan and previously had a long standing border with Alvakalia over territorial claims and treaties made during the Great Kesh War however after a decade of talks and diplomatic dialogues agreements were reached over the border regions.

Mlitary
The Imperial Kodeshi Army (IKA), Imperial Kodeshi Navy (IKN), Imperial Kodeshi Air Force (IKAF) and Imperial Kodeshi Gendarmerie (IKG) collectively form the Imperial Kodeshi Armed Forces (IKAF), under the command of the Imperial Ministry of National Defence, presided over by the President of Kodeshia. His Majesty the Emperor Mengqi is the Supreme Commander of the Imperial Kodeshi Armed Forces (IKAF), and the country's President Zhao Changfu effectively holds the position of commander-in-chief. It also incorporates various paramilitary forces.

The Imperial Kodeshi Gendarmerie is responsible for the maintenance of public order and internal security in Kodeshia. It's civil duties include providing security and public peace, to investigate and prevent organised crime, terrorism and other violent groups; to protect state and private property; to help and assist civilians and other emergency forces in a case of emergency, natural disaster, civil unrest and armed conflicts.

As of 2018, the military comprised over one million active duty personnel. Additionally, there are over 3 million reservists, with the total number of reserve troops possibly being as high as 20 million. Most Kodeshis are drafted into the military at the age of 18. Men serve two years and women one year. Following mandatory service, Kodeshi men join the reserve forces and usually do up to several weeks of reserve duty every year until their forties. Most women are exempt from reserve duty.

They have the stated responsibility for the preservation of the integrity and national sovereignty of the national territory. In 2018, Kodeshia's military expenditure totalled approximately $83 billion, equivalent to around 5.3% of its total GDP (nominal). Joint military exercises and war games have been held with Akiteiwa, Beifang, Modrovia and Poja.

Geography
Kodeshia is located in North Eastern Kesh, bordered to the northwest by Asharistan, to the north by Alvakalia, to the northeast by Beifang, to the east by Selengeria, to the southwest by Qingcheng, to the southeast by Akiteiwa and Shimakawa (across the Pearl Sea). The country lies along the Equator, lying between the latitudes 18°N and 9°S, and longitudes 63°E and 84°E.

The size of Kodeshia, 2,001,775 square kilometres (772,889 sq mi), it is the largest country in Kesh by area. Kodeshia's topography is also diverse and includes hills, mountains, plains, highlands, and scrublands. The landscapes vary significantly across its territory, as a result of its equatorial location, Kodeshia experiences high precipitation and has one of the highest frequency of thunderstorms in the world. The annual rainfall can total upwards of 2,000 millimetres (80 in) in some places, and the area sustains the Kodeshi rainforests, among the largest rain forests in the world. This massive expanse of lush jungle covers most of the vast, low-lying central basin of the river, which slopes toward the Tethys Ocean in the east. This area is surrounded by plateaus merging into savannas in the northeast, while the southwest is dominated by hills and low mountain ranges and in the far north the high, glaciated mountains major mountain ranges, most notably the Great Kesh Dividing range dominate the landscape. At 7,523 metres (24,681 ft), White Mountain is Kodeshi's highest peak, it lies on the Kodeshi-Alvak border. Qingse Lake in Gaodi is the largest lake, with an area of X km2 (X sq mi). Mountains) are found in the extreme eastern region.

The tropical climate also produced the Longbei River system which dominates the region topographically along with the rainforest it flows through, though they are not mutually exclusive. The river basin (meaning the Longbei River and all of its myriad tributaries) occupies nearly the entire country. The river and its tributaries form the backbone of Kodeshi economics and transportation and have done so for centuries. Major tributaries include the Yin, Taiyi, Changnan, Siba, Kayue, and Longshan. The sources of the Longbei are in the Great Kesh Mountains that flank the centre of the continent. The river also has the one of the largest flow and watersheds of any river in the world.

Climate
Kodeshia lies along the equator, and its climate tends to be relatively even year-round. Kodeshia has two seasons—a wet season and a dry season—with no extremes of summer or winter for much of the country. For most of Kodeshia, the dry season falls between May and October with the wet season between November and April. Kodeshia's climate is almost entirely tropical, dominated by the tropical rainforest climate while more cooling climate types do exist in mountainous regions that are 1,300 to 1,500 metres (4,300 to 4,900 feet) above sea level. The oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb) prevails in highland areas adjacent to rainforest climates, with reasonably uniform precipitation year-round. In highland areas near the tropical monsoon and tropical savanna climates, the subtropical highland climate (Köppen Cwb) is prevalent with a more pronounced dry season

The climate of Kodeshia comprises a wide range of weather conditions across a large area and varied topography, but most of the country is tropical. Climate in south Kodeshia is generally hotter than north Kodeshia. According to the Köppen system, Kodeshi hosts six major climatic subtypes: alpine tundra, arid cold steppe, equatorial, tropical, oceanic and subtropical. The different climatic conditions produce environments ranging from equatorial rainforests in the south, to the tropical savannas in central Kodeshia to the alpine tundra and glaciers in the north. Many regions have starkly different microclimates, making it one of the most climatically diverse countries in the world.

An equatorial climate characterises much of southeast and coastal Kodeshia. There is no real dry season, but there are some variations in the period of the year when most rain falls. Temperatures average 25 °C (77 °F), with more significant temperature variation between night and day than between seasons. Over central Kodeshia rainfall is more seasonal, characteristic of a savanna climate. This region is as extensive as the Longbei basin but has a very different climate as it lies farther south at a higher altitude. In the interior northeast, seasonal rainfall is even more extreme.

Biodiversity
Kodeshia is a, a term employed countries which display high biological diversity and contain many species exclusively indigenous, or endemic, to them. Kodeshia's large territory comprises different ecosystems, such as the rainforests, recognized as having among the greatest biological diversity in the world. Including many rare and endemic species, such as the carnivores, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, and s, and s.

Herbivores like the s,, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s and s. Larger species like the s, s, s, the , the , and the s.

The variety of types of birds is vast as well, notably the, , , and include birds ranging from brightly colored s, s, and s to s, s, s, s, s, s, s, and s.

Kodeshia is also home to many dangerous animals including some of the most dangerous snakes, including the, , , ,  ,. Dangerous s include the, , and dangerous s include the  and the.

The forests of Kodeshi can be divided into two main categories: and. Monsoon forest is dry at least three months a year, and is dominated by trees. Kodeshia's monsoon forest ecoregions are the Rainforest has a rainy season of at least nine months, and are dominated by. In the region north of the, in the , broadleaf evergreen dominates to an elevation of 2000m, and from 2000m to 3000m,  broadleaf dominates, and above 3000m, evergreen s and   are the primary fauna until the. There are also, and. The is among the most biologically diverse  in the world.

The area from Yanhe to Beihai regions rea mostly monsoon forest, while coastal regions are primarily rainforest. Along the coasts occur in, s, s, and s. These forests are host to the much-depleted  habitat of  and other trees that grow in mud and are resistant to. Forests along the beaches consist of, , s, and other trees resistant to storms.However the insurgency, pollution and habitat loss have endangered much of this biodiversity.

Wildlife in Kodeshia share habitat with and bear acute pressure from largest population of Homo sapiens. Hundreds of animal species are threatened, vulnerable or in danger of local extinction in Kodeshia, due mainly to human activity such as habitat destruction, pollution and poaching for food, fur and ingredients for traditional medicine. Endangered wildlife is protected by law, and as of 2005, the country has setup a large number of nature reserves. Due to their special status and association with Imperials houses of Kesh the Rykveterdraak, Veterdraak, and Imperial water dragons were given especially strict and expansive protection and number of special reserves have been created just for these creatures.

Environment
Kodeshia's large and growing population and rapid industrialisation present serious environmental issues. They are often given a lower priority due to high poverty levels and weak, under-resourced governance. Problems include the large-scale illegal destruction and deforestation within the country that has resulted haze—over-exploitation of marine resources, air pollution, garbage management, and reliable water and wastewater services. These issues contribute to Kodeshia's poor ranking in the environmental rankings. The environmental degradation also includes national parks and wildlife sanctuaries on a large scale and many endangered and endemic species are now threatened with extinction due to loss of habitats. There are many reasons for the deforestation in Kodeshia, which range from opportunistic illegal loggings to large scale clearings from big construction projects and agricultural activities.



The environmental areas where Kodeshia performs worst are air quality, water resource management and health impacts of environmental issues, with the areas of sanitation, environmental impacts of fisheries and forest management following closely. Kodeshia performs best when it comes to handling the nitrogen balance in the agricultural industry specifically, an area where Kodeshia excels and are among the best in the world. In addition, Kodeshia has an unusually large area of wildlife protections, both on land and at sea, with the land-based protections covering about 20% of the country. Many of Kodeshia's ecoregions and the species within those regions are threatened by human activities and introduced animal, chromistan, fungal and plant species. All these factors have led to Kodeshia having the highest mammal extinction rate of any country in the world. The government has tried to protect threatened species, as a result, there are numerous protected areas have been created under the National Conservation of Program to protect and preserve unique ecosystems.

Protection of the environment is a major political issue in Kodeshia. Water restrictions are frequently in place in many regions and cities of Kodeshia in response to chronic shortages due to urban population increases and pollution. Throughout much of the continent, major flooding regularly occurrence, flushing out inland river systems, overflowing dams and inundating large inland flood plains. Environmental degradation also includes national parks and wildlife sanctuaries on a large scale and many endangered and endemic species are now threatened with extinction due to loss of habitats. There are many reasons for the deforestation in Kodeshia, which range from opportunistic illegal loggings to large scale clearings from big construction projects and agricultural activities. Plans for hydroelectric development in the Greater Longbei Subregion, in particular, pose a real danger to the food supply of the region. Upstream dams will imperil the fish stocks that provide the vast majority of Kodeshia's protein and could also denude the Longbei River of the silt needed for its rice basket.

But one of the main environmental concern that persists in Kodeshia today is the legacy of the use of the chemical herbicide, which continues to cause birth defects and many health problems in the Kodeshi population. In the south eastern areas affected most by the chemical's use during the Great Kesh War, nearly 5 million Kodeshi people have been exposed to it and suffered from its effects. In 2000, approximately 50 years after the war, KTEC led effort began an international clean-up project for nations effected by the Kesh War. The Kodeshi government spends millions in monthly allowances and the physical rehabilitation of victims of the chemicals. One of the long-term plans to restore south eastern Kodeshi's damaged ecosystems is through the use of reforestation efforts. The Kodeshi government began doing this at the end of the war. It started by replanting mangrove forests in the Taiyi river regions and outside Jiankang, where mangroves are important to ease (though not eliminate) flood conditions during monsoon seasons.

Apart from herbicide problems, arsenic in the ground water in the Longbei and Sliver River Deltas has also become a major concern. And most notoriously, unexploded ordnances (UXO) pose dangers to humans and wildlife—another bitter legacy from the long wars. As part of the continuous campaign to demine/remove UXOs, several international bomb removal agencies from around the world have been providing assistance. The Kodeshi government spends millions annually on demining operations and additional hundreds of millions more for treatment, assistance, rehabilitation, vocational training and resettlement of the victims of UXOs.

However these efforts have struggled around the heavily militarised disputed border between Kodeshia and Selengeria. The Kodeshi–Selengerian Demilitarized Zone (KSDZ) But this natural isolation along the length of the KSDZ has created an involuntary park which is now recognized as one of the most well-preserved areas of tropical rain-forests in the world. In 1968 it was first proposed that the KSDZ be turned into a national park. Several endangered animal and plant species now exist among the heavily fortified fences, landmines and listening posts. These include the endangered rykveterdraak, veterdraak, and imperial water dragons. Ecologists have identified some hundreds of plant species, mammals and birds within the narrow buffer zone. Additional surveys are now being conducted throughout the region. The DMZ owes its varied biodiversity to its geography, which crosses mountains, tropical rain-forests, savannas, swamps, lakes, and tidal marshes. Environmentalists hope that the KSDZ will be conserved as a wildlife refuge, with a well-developed set of objective and management plans vetted and in place.

Economy
Economists estimate that Kodeshia was part of the wealthiest region of the world throughout the first millennium CE, with the largest economy by GDP. This advantage was lost in the 18th century as other regions such as Beifang and Artemia edged forward. Kodeshia is considered a developing country. As of 2019, the Kodeshi economy is the world's 8th largest economy by GDP PPP and 4th in terms of GDP nominal within KTEC, estimated to be $1.761 trillion and $4.343 trillion respectively. Per capita GDP in PPP is US$8,687, while nominal per capita GDP is US$3,523. Its 2019 GDP growth rate of 5.7%, Kodeshia is one of the world's fastest-growing economies. Kodeshia has suffered from decades of stagnation, mismanagement, social instability, conflict and underproduction. The economy has traditionally been fueled by exporting commodities rather than manufacturing which dates back to the Imperial rule and exports of the natural resources. The lack of an educated workforce skilled in modern technology hinders Kodeshia's economy, although recent reforms and developments carried out by the new government, in collaboration with foreign countries and organisations, aim to make this a thing of the past. The informal economy's share in Kodeshia is one of the biggest in the world and is closely linked to corruption, smuggling and illegal trade activities. Kodeshia lacks adequate infrastructure. Goods travel primarily across the Qingcheng border (where most illegal drugs are exported). Railways are old and rudimentary, with few repairs since their construction in the late 19th century. Highways are normally unpaved, except in the major cities.

Throughout the history of Kodeshia, its economy has been based largely on agriculture—primarily wet rice cultivation. Bauxite, an important material in the production of aluminium, is mined in central Kodeshia. The growth of Kodeshia's manufacturing, mining, and service sector has transformed the nations from a largely rural economy to an urbanised industrial one. Today the major industrial sectors are agriculture, mining followed by the service sectors than steel and manufacturing. The public sector still makes up the bulk of the market despite economic liberalisation policies. During Grand Campaigns brought changes in the public and private sectors, most notably in the area of public works, which enabled rapid communications and facilitated transport throughout much of the peninsula. The XXXns also improved public education and made it compulsory for all residents of Kodeshians. The XXX period led to a harsh decline in economic growth as conflict gripped the nation. This was followed by a successful post-independence boom as XXXn industries began to reinvest in the economy.

Today Kodeshia has a dynamic, capitalist, export-driven economy with gradually decreasing state involvement in investment and foreign trade. In keeping with this trend, some large government-owned banks and industrial firms are being privatised. Exports have provided the primary impetus for industrialisation. Kodeshia has moved towards a consistent liberalisation and privatisation of many state-owned companies and liberal laws on establishing new firms have encouraged the development of the private business sector, along with a shift of exports from countries.

Energy
Kodeshia is rich in energy resources. Most of Kodeshia's power is generated by either hydropower or fossil fuel power such as coal, oil and gas, while diesel, small hydropower and renewable energy supplies the balance. The establishment of a mining industry continued the high level of economic growth in the post-independence period. The opportunities for large profits in land and mining attracted considerable amounts of Tutinan capital while expansion generally was supported by enormous government outlays for transport, communication and urban infrastructures, which also depended heavily on XXXn finance. As the economy expanded, large-scale immigration became necessary to satisfy the growing demand for workers. Kodeshia's mining operations secured continued economic growth and Eastern Kodeshia itself has benefited strongly from mining iron-ore, gold and later uranium.

Transport
Transport is a key component of the nation's economy. But ground transport in the Kodeshia has always been difficult. The terrain and climate of the Longbei Basin present serious barriers to road and rail construction, and the distances are enormous across this vast country. The Kodeshia has more navigable rivers and moves more passengers and goods by boat and ferry than any other country in Kodeshia, but air transport remains the only effective means of moving goods and people between many places within the country, especially in rural areas. Chronic economic mismanagement, political corruption and internal conflicts have led to long-term under-investment of infrastructure.

The economic centralization of the late 1960s and 1970s accelerated the development of infrastructure on a massive scale, most notably the establishment of Kodeshia Airlines (KAL). The country has a wide variety of modes of transport by land, water and air. Kodeshia's road spending has been extensive. Its 1.1 million kilometres of paved road are the main means of transportation. New and used cars are inexpensive; car ownership fees and fuel levies are used to promote energy efficiency. Kodeshia has one of the highest growth rates for car ownership in the region.

Railway transport in Kodeshia was once the dominant mode of transportation until the mid-twentieth century. Mass transportation is well developed in the major cities but is still quite undeveloped in rural areas. Kodeisa has a relatively advanced air transportation infrastructure which utilises approximately 5,000 paved runways. Papunya International Airport, located in the vicinity of Papunya, is the largest and busiest airport in the country, handling the vast majority of popular and commercial traffic and connecting Papunya with virtually all major cities across the region. Kodesia Airlines (KAL) is the national carrier airline, although numerous private airline companies provide domestic and international travel services. Water transport is largely used for freight. There are over 10 major ports in Kodesia, many of these ports are served by cruise ships.

Demographics
For generations, the vast majority of immigrants came from XXXX, and the people of Kodeshia are still mainly of XXXan ethnic origin. Kodeshia's population has quadrupled since the 1930s much of this increase from immigration. Following the [XXXX War]] and through to 2000, millions settled in the country as new immigrants. Most immigrants are skilled, but the immigration quota includes categories for family members and refugees.

Language
has always been entrenched as the national language. is a major variety of the language with a distinctive accent and lexicon. However there are up to 150 living languages spoken within various regions and provinces. Standard Guoyu, a variety of based on the Songhari dialect, is the official national language of Kodeshia and is used as a lingua franca in the country between people of different linguistic backgrounds.

Religion
Kodeshia has no ; the Constitution prohibits the government from making any law to establish any religion, impose any religious observance, or prohibit the free exercise of any religion. In the 2010 census, 62.2% of Kodesians population reported as following local folk religions like Taoism, Wuism, Moism, Bimoism and others or were irreligious or non-practising; 32.7% of the population identify as followers of Buddhism, followed by 3.5% as Muslim, making Islam the third-largest religion in the country. However, the National Commission of Muslim Kodeshians (NCMK) disputes this and claims the adherence of about 5.8% of the total population. Most Muslim Kodeshians practice Shia Islam according to although are a minority of Sunni Muslims in the country. This was followed by Christanity with 0.8% of the population, Zoroastrians with 0.4% of the population and Other religions which 0.3% of the population followed. The remaining 0.2% of the population did not provide an adequate answer.

Folk or popular religion, the most widespread system of beliefs and practices, has evolved and adapted since at least the second millennium BCE. Taoism is the most popular and widely accepted domestic religion. These folk beliefs placed a heavy emphasis on belonging to the land. The with a collection of oral stories that were passed down from person to person contained and shaped native customs and practises. Native art, story and dance continue to draw on these spiritual traditions.

Since the arrival of Zoroastrian, Buddhism, and later Islam and Christianity these religions have grown to influence the nation. While Buddhism and Islam have become dominant religions backed by many historical states that occupied areas of current day Kodeshia. There is a substantial and vocal Islamic population particularly within Xibei, Yueshan, Shahai and Shizhou provinces.

Education
School attendance, or registration for homeschooling, is compulsory throughout Kodeshia. Education is the responsibility of the individual provinces so the rules vary between states, but in general, children are required to attend school from the age of about 5 up until about 16. Kodeshia has an adult literacy rate that was estimated to be around 99%.

Health
The Kodeshia Constitution guarantees free, universal health care for all its citizens. As of 2010, the average life expectancy in Kodeshia was among the highest in the region with an average 79 years, 76 years for males and 82 years for females. The government health insurance programme maintains compulsory insurance for citizens who are employed, impoverished, unemployed, or victims of natural disasters with fees that correlate to the individual and/or family income; it also maintains protection for non-citizens working in Kodesia. A standardised method of calculation applies to all persons and can optionally be paid by an employer or by individual contributions

Culture
Since contact with the XXX, the basis of Kodeshian culture has been strongly influenced by XXXn. Distinctive cultural features have also arisen from Kodeshia's natural environment and Indigenous cultures. Since the end of the XXXX War Kodeshia's culture has also received influence from its neighbouring countries. A great deal of important and historic archaeological ruins, gold and silver ornaments, stone monuments, ceramics, and weavings remain from several important ancient contact cultural artefacts can be located throughout the nation. Major ruins throughout the western regions of the nation. The country abounds in other sites that are difficult to reach and have seen little archaeological exploration.

Arts
The rock art of Kodeshian's Indigenous peoples is the oldest and richest in the world, dating as far back as 60,000 years and spread across hundreds of thousands of sites. Traditional designs, patterns and have become iconic symbols for contemporary national Kodeshian image and influential in the global art media scene.

Media
Kodeshia has two public broadcasters (the Kodeshian Broadcasting Corporation and the multicultural National Kodeshian Broadcasting Service), several commercial television networks, several pay-TV services, and numerous public, non-profit television and radio stations. Each major city has at least one daily newspaper, and there are two national daily newspapers, The Wadpi Daily and The Kodeshia Journal. The country ranks relatively highly in press freedom but suffers from a limited diversity of commercial media ownership.

Cuisine
Most Indigenous Kodesian tribal groups subsisted on a simple hunter-gatherer diet of native fauna and flora, otherwise called bush tucker. The first settlers introduced XXX cuisine to the continent, much of which is now considered typical Kodeshian food. Multicultural immigration transformed Kodeshian cuisine; post-Second Great War migrants, helped to build a thriving fusion food culture with diverse influences of different cultures has led to unique Kodesian variants of their staple foods. Kodesian cuisine is largely based on XXX stables such as, s, , vegetables, fish and meats. One major difference from XXX cuisine standards is the greater use of meat in meals, largely due to the nation's vast livestock resources.

Following XXXn traditionals most meals make heavy use of seasonings with, ' (된장), a type of , , salt, garlic, ginger, and ' (고추장), a hot pepper paste.

Despite the country's vast size cuisine is greatly quite heterogeneous due to the fairly small population, although due to difference climate and location ingredients can differ between regions. Regions in the northern subtropical zones generally have a greater focus on spicier dishes with the greater use of chilli peppers, along with greater use of seafood in dishes. In the southern regions, dishes are often milder with a greater use of beef, sheep, pork and horse meats along with more soups and stew dishes.

Sport and recreation
The majority of Kodeshians live within the coastal zone, making the beach a popular recreation spot and an integral part of the nation's identity. As a result Kodeshia is very competitive with water-based sports, such as swimming and surfing. Nationally, the following sports are popular in Kodeshia, , , , , , , and. Physical fitness is widely emphasised in Kodeshian culture, with morning exercises such as which widely practised and commercial gyms and fitness clubs have started gaining popularity in the country.