Prabhat

Prabhat (Prabhati: प्रभात, Prabhāt), formally known as the Kingdom of Prabhat (Prabhati: प्रभात राज्य, Prabhāta Rājya) is a federal constitutional monarchy located southeast of the continent of Kesh. The Kingdom of Prabhat has a territorial area of 480,000 square kilometers that covers tropical and alpine areas and a population that reaches 47 million inhabitants made up of a mixture of native and migrant ethnic groups united in the majority language which is Prabhati, derived from Sanskrit. Prabhat has coasts to the Tethys Ocean to the east and south of the country. The city of Bhāgya serves as the capital of the country, which has a federal division system.

Prabhat adopts the federal constitutional monarchy as a form of government. The King of Prabhat is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government, while the legislative power is divided between an upper house called the Prabhat Royal Council and a lower house called the Prabhat National Assembly. The federal system of division is based on the existence of 20 regions with a certain level of autonomy, which includes a government, its own unicameral assembly and its own constitution under the Prabhat Constitution. The 20 regions that make up Prabhat are as follows, in alphabetical order: Anāratta, Bhitora, Bolukkia, Dendrapur, Godavari, Kolhagabār, Latuārish, Madjā, Maharunā, Maliba, Malimāra, Nandurbash, Nāngara, Rendozeshah, Szattara, Tangli, Tughluka, Tylakolia, Vidarala and Yavin. The Autonomous City of Bhāgya has a special political system as it's the capital of the nation, having much more autonomy and being governed directly by the King of Prabhat.

The peoples of Prabhat have been part of the South Kesh coastal cultural region since the beginning, the first people to set foot on the territory were Northern nomads who settled in the fertile areas. From the beginning, two cultural cores can be distinguished: the area of Tughluka and Vidarala, where city-states were founded on the coast of the Tethys Ocean, and the area of Nāngara and Bhitora, where city-states were established on Lake Devanaga. In these two cores, kingdoms and federations were gradually formed that expanded throughout the rest of the Prabhat territories and shared the same culture and language: Sanskrit. This cultural and linguistic union caused different ethnic groups to come together forming diverse empires of long duration, to finally form the Kingdom of Prabhat, which adopted Prabhati, a language derived from Sanskrit, as its official language.

Prabhat's economy is highly diversified, having a powerful primary sector based on the plantation of tropical crops in the north and center of the country, and extensive agriculture in the flatter and temperate areas of the south, in addition to significant mining in the Western mountain ranges. At the same time, it has a strong industry which exports manufactured products to other nations, and a growing service sector, especially in the area of tourism due to the great attraction of Prabhat's natural and cultural wealth.

Etymology
Linguists have come to the conclusion that the word "Prabhat" comes from Sanskrit (the language from which Prabathi comes and was commonly spoken in ancient times) and that it means "dawn" or "sunrise". Because of this, the concept of dawn has historically taken hold, symbolizing Prabhat as a dawn for those who migrate there and also as a state in constant dawn for their prosperity. This concept is included in the national flag, which has a flower and a sun symbolizing the dawn of the nation.

First Civilizations (3000 BCE - 1200 BCE)
Evidence of the presence of homo sapiens has been on Prabhat for 70,000 years, originating from migrants from the north who left traces in Anāratta, where the oldest petroglyphs and cave paintings of Prabhat are located. Before that, the territory was populated by hominids such as homo erectus for approximately 500,000 years. The first Neolithic civilization is the Devanaga Civilization, which was established in 3000 BCE on the Devanaga River and Devanaga Lake, which give this civilization its name. This civilization was based on fishing and rice-producing villages, which spoke Proto-Sanskrit. Around 2900 BCE, another group of nomads from the north related to the former traveled further south along the coast and reached present-day Vidarala, settling on the Vidara River. This gave rise to another of the first two civilizations of Prabhat, the Vidara Civilization, which like its relative carried out agricultural activities to subsist. The peoples of these two cultures were ethnically differentiated over time to give rise to two different ethnic groups but from the same family: the Devanasūna (“from Devagana”) to the north and the Bhāgyavāna (“fortunate”) to the south. This ethnic divide occurred in approximately 2100 BCE.

These two cultures were developing during the Bronze Age and expanding over nearby territories. The Devanasūna encompassed the present-day Nāngara, Bhitora, and Anāratta regions, while the Bhāgyavāna encompassed Vidarala, Tughluka, and Bhāgya. While the Devanasūna perfected rice cultivation on the Devanaga River, the Bhāgyavāna settled on the shores of the sea and began to make canoes for fishing. The slight commercial and cultural interaction between these two cultures was the antecedent of a future route that would be key to the development of the later kingdoms that emerged from these two cultures.

Five Kingdoms Period (1200 BCE - 711 BCE)
The prosperity of the cities of the Vidara and Devagana Civilizations prompted the creation of organized states. At the end of the Bronze Age, the city-states of each region formed cultural and commercial ties between them, and led to the creation of federations and confederations. As early as 1200 BCE, when the Iron Age began in Prabhat, what were once numerous city-states concentrated in two civilizations formed the Five Kingdoms of Prabhat, the earliest existing states in Prabhat's territory. These five kingdoms were: Pascātya, Nānga and Anārah in the territory of the Devanaga Civilization, and Tughluka and Vidarala (the same names as the current regions) in the territory of the Vidara Civilization. It was during the early years of the Five Kingdoms of Prabhat that strong commercial and cultural ties were forged between the two regions. The language that the two civilizations shared, proto-Sanskrit, evolved into Sanskrit thanks to the appearance of the Devanagari script in Pascātya, which spread to the rest of the kingdoms establishing the linguistic union of all of them, although having north and south its own dialect. The relationship between the kingdoms was strengthened thanks to the Malimāra Route, a trade route that crossed the territory between the Devanaga and Virala regions, which favored the economic development of the kingdoms and facilitated cultural, scientific and technological exchange. The Five Kingdoms of Prabhat were despotic states, led by kings who held all power in their hands and inherited it from their ancestors, thus creating the first dynasties. The existence of these kingdoms, despite the bonds forged, was not entirely peaceful. In fact, researchers have managed to document a war between Nānga and Anārah around 900 BCE to control the fertile lands of the Devanaga River, which ended up as a victory for Nānga after 1 to 3 years of warfare. In the Period of the Five Kingdoms the first religions were also formed, which were shamanic and animistic beliefs typical of each kingdom. In an ancient Sanskrit text called Sanskāra Sūcanā, written around 850 BCE, the religious rites of a town in Tughluka are detailed, including prayers to spirits of people and animals and praises to the forces of nature.

The economic activities of these kingdoms went beyond agriculture and fishing originated in the first two civilizations. Several evidences have been found that indicate a great mining activity that includes the extraction of gems to be turned into jewels, in addition to the extraction and casting of iron for tools, weapons and armor. In Vidarala the creation of jade jewelery and sculptures was common, while in Nānga the sapphire was considered of high value and widely used in jewelry. This mining demand led groups of people to disengage from the kingdoms and form their own villages in the interior of Prabhat, where there were more mineral deposits due to the existence of mountain ranges. These independent communities traded minerals with the kingdoms and at the same time brought about the arrival of civilization in lands further from the coast. While this was happening, the coastal kingdoms developed the first sailboats to expand fishing operations and collect shells and sea pearls, which served as replacements when there was a shortage of gems.

In 800 BCE, something important happens that would seal Prabhat's fate. In a city east of Anārah called Abhayā a religious doctrine called Viśvāsa appears, embodied in a group of texts in Sanskrit that defines certain religious dogmas such as "karma", the "reincarnation cycle" and "enlightenment", in addition to be the first polytheistic religion of Prabhat since it establishes a trinity of gods to worship: Jnānī, Kharē and Majabūta. The Viśvāsa religious texts spread throughout Anārah and then throughout the rest of the Five Kingdoms, their dogmas being adopted by a large part of the population, although clashing with the animistic traditions of each kingdom. The main source of expansion of this doctrine is the oral route, orally transmitting the teachings of the Viśvāsa. By 710 BCE the first complex rituals and shrines appear, and the city of Abhayā becomes an important religious center.

The cultural, linguistic, economic and more recently religious union of the Five Kingdoms of Prabhat sparked the desire for unification. In 715 BCE, Tughluka and Vidarala were unified thanks to a dynastic union, so the Bhāgyavāna people united under the authority of King Ēkasandha, who began a military campaign to unify all the kingdoms into one empire. In 714 BCE, a great Bhāgyavāna army with weapons and iron armor marched to Nānga, besieging its capital, the majestic city of Bhavya, and taking it after a few weeks. In 713 BCE a noble coup sponsored by King Ēkasandha is perpetrated against the King of Pascātya, and this nation is integrated into the dominions of Ēkasandha. Finally in 711 BCE, Anārah is completely taken after 3 decisive field battles. This year is when King Ēkasandha would found the Vidarale Empire, ruled by the Ēkasa Dynasty, and end Five Kingdoms Period.

Vidarale Empire (711 BCE - 537 BCE)
The Vidarale Empire was established as an absolute monarchy, constituted by a caste system that can be said to be Prabhat's first caste system. The initial territory of this empire ranged from present Anāratta to present Bhāgya. The imperial capital was located in the city of Impīryia, a city on the banks of the Vidara River in present-day Vidarala, with imposing walls for its time. The location of the imperial capital and the composition of the noble class favored the Bhāgyavāna ethnic group and the southern region of the country, causing airs of rebellion in the northern regions. To prevent the outbreak of insurrections and promote national unity, King Ēkasandha carried out several reforms, including the establishment of a Devanasūna nobility in the north, the creation of roads to connect the cities of the south and the north and the creation of the School of Āciriya, a movement of teachers and writers that was responsible for the spread of the Sanskrit language throughout the empire and the gestation of Sanskrit literature. The years of life of the Āciriya School, which operated from 708 BCE to 685 BCE, managed to promote the use of Sanskrit as never before, improved its grammar and literature proliferated, creating literary works such as poetry, short stories, legends, epics, chronicles and biographies. One of the most widespread literary works of that time is the Epic of Rakṣaṇaka, which tells the story of a young man who saved a ship's crew from a natural disaster, and which has become one of the most famous symbols of the Vidarale Empire's historical period. Thanks to the educational activities of these teachers, the noble class was able to access education and learn to read and write, which would lead to the formation of future schools of thought.

In 689, the initial peace of the Vidarale Empire was shattered by the arrival of a group of barbarians known as Rendoshians, who hailed from the hot, desert steppes of the west and settled in the present-day Rendozeshah region. The Rendoshians were very different from the peoples of the Vidarale Empire: they had their own language (the Rendoshian), their own ethnic origin, and a warrior culture that was not compatible with the rational and peaceful culture of the Vidarale Empire. Due to these large differences, the first encounters were hostile and soon the Rendoshians began looting the border villages of Bhitora. The Vidarale Empire had a difficult situation in the early years due to the Rendoshian warriors having something they did not have: horses. Thanks to the horses, the Rendoshians made quick raids to the villages of the Vidarale Empire, avoiding head-on battles with the Vidarale army (which had superior numbers) and wasting their economy and defenses. The situation changed in 687 BCE with the arrival of another group of barbarians: the Tylakians. The Tylakians came from the northwest and had a warrior culture and weaponry similar to the Rendoshians, however, they agreed to collaborate with the Vidarale Empire marveling at their organization and began to attack the Rendoshian camps. The allied forces defeated the Rendoshians at the Battle of Sarapa in 685 BCE, and finally defeated them at the Battle of Tanētis in 683 BCE. The Rendoshians agreed to make peace and took refuge in the western parts of Rendozeshah, while the Tylakians migrated south on a long journey to present-day Tylakolia, where they founded the Kingdom of Tylakolia, a federation of clans led by a king in 678 BCE. Relations between the Vidarale Empire and the Kingdom of Tylakolia were quite friendly: they established commercial and cultural ties. The Tylakolians, who spoke a great variety of barbarian languages, adopted Sanskrit and elements of the empire's culture which was spreading rapidly thanks to trade with the empire. To strengthen interactions with the south and gain new hinterlands, the Vidarale Empire colonized the present-day Szattara and Nandurbash regions, while Tylakolia expanded into Tangli. Peace and economic collaboration between Tylakolia and the Vidarale Empire led to a long decade of economic bonanza, population growth and cultural flourishing in the following decades.

In 545 BCE, a large unknown epidemic (experts estimate it was probably tuberculosis) struck the Vidarale Empire and to a lesser extent the Kingdom of Tylakolia and the Rendoshian tribes. This epidemic killed 21% of the imperial population, which despite being a not so high number, had fatal consequences on the economy and society of a nation that had not had experiences of previous epidemics. The trade routes that connected the imperial cities were emptied by fear of the disease, the army had to be demobilized to prevent it from spreading, the king and his court isolated themselves in the palace, ordering that no one enter what isolated the government of communication with their territories, and the famine quickly spread through areas without food self-sufficiency. This scenario was exploited by various pretenders to the throne and separatist movements, which exploded in 541 BCE once the worst of the epidemic was over. These insurrections were: the throne pretender Uttara from Tughluka, the throne pretender Maēnli from Szattara, and a separatist movement from Nāngara made up of ethnic Devanasūna people who sought ethnic primacy. The civil war was bravely faced by the imperial government which mobilized its men to crush the rebellions. However, the army had been plagued by famine and disease, and their numbers were drastically reduced. Uttara and his troops defeated Maēnli at the Battle of Shazar in 540 BCE and again at the Battle of Traviniya in 539, in which Maēnli was killed by Uttara himself. Imperial troops defeated Uttara at the Battle of Tabhesit in 539, however the war was promptly stopped by a resurgence of the epidemic. The civil war was resumed in 537 when Uttara launched a fleeting campaign in which he crushed the separatists of Nāngara and besieged the imperial capital of Impīryia until it fell, at which point Uttara triumphantly entered and assassinated the last emperor Vidarale, to found the Uttarine Empire honoring his name.

Climate
Prabhat's territory includes 6 climates according to the Köppen climate classification: Tropical Monsoon (Am), Dry-Winter Tropical Savanna (Aw), Humid Subtropical (Cfa), Dry-Winter Humid Subtropical (Cwa), Hot Semi-Arid (BSh) and Alpine Tundra (ET). The Tropical Monsoon climate is distributed along the east coast inland, where it transits to Dry-Winter Tropical Savanna. This climate is thanks to the monsoons that occur on the east coast, which affect the temperature and rainfall. The south of the country is dominated by the Dry-Winter Humid Subtropical climate in the northern limit, which is influenced by the monsoon system of the east coast, and the Humid Subtropical climate in the southern and western areas, which is more stable for not being very affected by the monsoons. In the central-west of the country, the mountain ranges totally modify the weather patterns creating an Alpine Tundra climate zone in them and a vast region of Hot Semi-Arid climate to the west of these mountains, due to the fact that the mountains prevent the passage of rainfall to this area being dominated by dry winds.

In the area of the east coast and the capital city of Bhāgya, monsoons cause most of the rains to fall during the summer, causing several rivers to overflow, which can cause flooding in the cities adjacent to these rivers. However, the intensity of the monsoons is less than on the coasts of the countries north of Prabhat, and there is an prepared infrastructure for decades, reducing the danger of these floods. Winter is mostly dry, allowing longer hours of sunlight in winter than in summer. Bhāgya receives an average of around 2,200 hours of sunshine per year.

Administrative divisions
Prabhat's federal system is made up of political subjects of necessary and inexorable existence according to the Prabhat Constitution, made up of three levels: regions, districts and municipalities. At the first administrative level are the 20 regions (Anāratta, Bhitora, Bolukkia, Dendrapur, Godavari, Kolhagabār, Latuārish, Madjā, Maharunā, Maliba, Malimāra, Nandurbash, Nāngara, Rendozeshah, Szattara, Tangli, Tughluka, Tylakolia, Vidarala and Yavin) and the Autonomous City of Bhāgya.

The Prabhat regions are self-governing, have their own constitution subject to the National Constitution, have their own executive, legislative and judicial powers and their own police forces. The governments of these regions have the powers to administer their internal affairs, including security, education, health, industry, finance and other areas, and may be attached to the national government programs in these areas. These regions in turn are divided into districts and these into municipalities. In the case of the Autonomous City of Bhāgya, it is a special political subject that, in addition to having the autonomous functions of the other regions, has other powers. This city has the title of national capital and therefore the seat of the national government, it is inhabited by approximately 8,000,000 people and has a long history as the seat of the throne of the Kings of Prabhat, therefore its special legal status is established that the city is governed directly by the King of Prabhat, who fully assumes the executive functions.

Government
The Prabhat government consists of an executive branch assumed by the King of Prabhat who delegates his power to the Prime Minister, who heads the Cabinet of Ministers, which is in charge of the administration of the nation. The legislative branch consists of an upper house called the Prabhat Royal Council, and a lower house called the Prabhat National Assembly. In national democratic elections, the members of the Prabhat National Assembly are elected, who elect the members of the Royal Prabhat Council. For his part, the king appoints the Prime Minister who is from the winning party or coalition. While the National Assembly is made up of 250 members elected directly by the national population, the Prabhat Royal Council is made up of 42 members, 2 for each first-level territorial division, who represent the interests of their regions in the national government.

All citizens of Prabhat over 18 participate in democratic elections, without any racial, gender or economic distinction, as dictated by the National Constitution. Voting is mandatory from 18 years to 75 years.

Monarchy
The current king of Prabhat is Shivaji II, a member of the Bhāgayari Dynasty, which has reigned since the formation of the Prabhat Kingdom. The king has the executive power according to the National Constitution, and is also the ruler of the Autonomous City of Bhāgya, where the Palace of Bhāgya is located, residence of the king. The king has the power to make decrees and deny new laws, as long as these actions are approved by the Royal Council of Prabhat.

The system of monarchical succession is called Nivaḍa (निवड), and it is a mixed system between the hereditary monarchy and the elective monarchy. The Royal Council of Prabhat elects the successor of the king, who must be a member of the Bhāgayari Dynasty. This election is based on crowning the person most apt to rule in the dynasty, that is, the member with the most qualities, intellectual capacity, and personality to lead the nation. The Nivaḍa has led the monarchy to abolish gender distinctions and adopt a rigorous system of education and instruction for the members of the dynasty, so that people fit to rule can be trained. The last two elected monarchs have been the king's firstborn.

Economy
The Kingdom of Prabhat has a free market economy, mainly oriented to the export of raw materials and manufactured products, although in recent decades the service sector has been growing. The great territorial extension has allowed the historical states of Prabhat to access a large amount of natural resources, which has allowed them to create an economic power of great weight in the South Kesh region, allowing Prabhat to be considered an emerging power. As there is a not so large population in a territory with a large amount of natural resources, Prabhat has good living rates compared to the rest of the countries in the region, and poverty has drastically decreased since industrialization, although income inequality remains an existing problem.

Prabhat's nominal GDP amounts to $619 Billion, the GDP PPP amounts to $ 637 Billion and the GDP per capita is $21.600, which puts him in a privileged position in his region. Prabhat's diversified economy is dominated by the service sector that makes up 56.4% of GDP. The rest is made up of the industrial sector with 32.6% and the primary sector with 11%. This makes Prabhat a special nation among industrialized nations because of the still existing importance of the primary sector. Financial services and banking are the main sources of income for the Prabhati economy. The Prabhat Stock Exchange, established in 1867, is the main stock exchange in the country and is private in nature. The government regulates financial activities through a state body called the Prabhati Securities and Exchange Commission. Another important industry in the service sector is tourism, which is widely expanded thanks to Prabhat's cultural and natural wealth.

Prabhat has an advanced industry in technology and electronic products with several major companies originating in the country. The two most important tech giants, Adhunikata and Ilektro, are multinational conglomerates specialized in the production of electronic entertainment and communication products, household appliances, software and other sections of the service sector. The growth of these two conglomerates has been exponential since the 1990s, managing to offer their products and services to the vast majority of Anterra countries. The exponential growth in these two technological giants throughout Anterra has made them symbols of Prabhat, contributing to their presence and fame in the world. Secondly, the Vāhatūka automotive group is important in Prabhat and the South Kesh region for the production and export of high quality cars, trucks, motorcycles and more recently civil aircraft, being Prabhat's main vehicle manufacturer and an important contribution to the industrial sector of the nation.

Agriculture and Livestock
Agriculture has been the main economic activity throughout Prabhat's history. In the tropical monsoon areas located on the eastern coast, and less so in the tropical savannas of the interior of the country, the production of tropical crops such as rice, bananas, tea, sugar cane, coffee, cocoa, coconut, citrus fruits an pineapple has developed. Due to the long agricultural history of the tropics, which have been the source of food for all the historic peoples of Prabhat, production is represented by retail producers and not by large estates, which allows a competitive internal market that can be accessed by a large number of consumers of different economic levels.

Where there is a large number of large estates is in the extreme south of the country, which has a subtropical climate suitable for intensive agriculture. Since the industrial revolutions, that introduced the use of fertilizers and machinery that triggered agricultural production, large estates have been established in this area for the production of wheat, soybeans, barley, corn and other crops of commercial importance for export to the international market, which has positioned Prabhat as a competitive nation in the agricultural market. An important livestock sector has also developed in the subtropical and tropical savanna areas, which thanks to the large amount of land owned by Prabhat, positions the country as a major producer of meat, wool, milk and eggs, which are destined for the national and international market.

Mining
Mining in Prabhat benefits from existing mountain ranges in Bhitora, Bolukkia, Dendrapur, Godavari, Maharunā and Szattara, which are divided into two sections. The southern section is rich in silver, zinc, lead, iron and bauxite, while the northern section is rich in gold, copper, platinum, lithium and iron. The existence of these mineral reserves has managed to Prabhat maintain a certain self-sufficiency that made possible the early emergence of the industry and its prosperity. However, the quantity of these reserves is limited and the self-sufficiency that Prabhat has achieved appears to be in danger, prompting the government to carry out huge mining prospects in the 1990s, with positive results, to maintain mining self-sufficiency and not increase imports. Despite these mining prospects, the long-term durability of this mining self-sufficiency remains in doubt.

The discovery of large deposits of uranium located in the northern section in 1949 led to the development of a large nuclear power industry in Prabhat and the export of uranium, which has positioned Prabhat as one of the most advanced nations in the nuclear energy sector. These uranium deposits have attracted a large number of international investors and companies, which has favored the growth of the interior regions and the economy in general.

Energy
The energy sources in Prabhat are nuclear power with 65%, fossil fuels with 15%, renewable energies (mainly hydroelectric) with 12% and bio-fuels with 8%. The Prabhat mountain ranges have supplied coal that has supplied Prabhat with energy for several decades, these coal reserves being quite limited at present, as is the little oil that exists. In the Rendozeshah and Maharunā regions there are extensive reserves of natural gas which are the main component of the fossil fuels used. The energy policy on natural gas has been to reduce its national use to sell it at competitive prices in the international market. Renewable energies are mainly hydroelectric dams located in the rivers of the center and south of the country. Solar and wind power have multiplied in recent years, mostly thanks to the sunny areas of the hot northwestern steppes and the coastal monsoon winds. Bio-fuels have flourished in the south of the country thanks to the land suitable for mass cultivation of corn to produce biomass, while part of the sugar cane produced in the center and north of the country is also destined for bio-fuels.

Nuclear energy is the main source of energy in the country, thanks to the large amounts of uranium existing in the mountain ranges. These uranium deposits were discovered in 1949, so the Prabhati Nuclear Program began in the 1950s for peaceful purposes as one of the first South Kesh nations to use nuclear energy. Most of the nuclear power plants are located in the Bhitora region, popularly called "the nuclear region" due to the high nuclear infrastructure that it possesses thanks to its proximity to the uranium deposits. The energy efficiency, reduced spending and minimal pollution of nuclear power plants had led the Prabhati government to focus on nuclear energy, investing large amounts of money that have managed to bring nuclear energy to current energy figures, by owning modern nuclear power plants of third-generation fission already start small efforts in the last decade for the development of nuclear fusion, and caused the population and political parties of Prabhat to have fully accepted that.